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          <h1 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">Oracle常用命令</h1>
        

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        <h3 id="Jdbc连接的方式"><a href="#Jdbc连接的方式" class="headerlink" title="Jdbc连接的方式"></a>Jdbc连接的方式</h3><figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">-- 1.SID</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">-- jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:SID</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">-- 2.url</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">-- jdbc:oracle:thin:@//host:port/service_name </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">-- tns</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">-- jdbc:oracle:thin:@(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.16.91)(PORT=1521)))(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=orcl)))</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">-- tns名</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">-- jdbc:oracle:thin:@tnsname</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/*</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">方法一：在启动VM 时添加如下参数:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">-Doracle.net.tns_admin=D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">     方法二：在java 代码里添加：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">System.setProperty("oracle.net.tns_admin","D:\\app\\Administrator\\product\\11.2.0\\dbhome_1\\NETWORK\\ADMIN"); </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">*/</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<!-- ### 表分析

<figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/*目前表分析策略</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">并行度设置为15；数据量分布如下</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;1G 抽样30%;&lt;10G 抽样10%;&lt;50G 抽样5%; &gt;50G 抽样1%*/</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">select</span> <span class="keyword">case</span></span><br><span class="line">         <span class="keyword">when</span> <span class="keyword">sizes</span> &lt;= <span class="number">1</span> <span class="keyword">then</span></span><br><span class="line">          <span class="string">'execute dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('</span> || <span class="string">''''</span> || OWNER || <span class="string">''''</span> || <span class="string">','</span> || <span class="string">''''</span> ||</span><br><span class="line">          segment_name || <span class="string">''''</span> || <span class="string">','</span> || <span class="string">'method_opt =&gt; '</span> || <span class="string">''''</span> ||</span><br><span class="line">          <span class="string">'FOR ALL COLUMNS SIZE 1'</span> || <span class="string">''''</span> ||</span><br><span class="line">          <span class="string">',estimate_percent =&gt; 30,degree =&gt; 15,cascade =&gt;true,no_invalidate =&gt; false);'</span></span><br><span class="line">         <span class="keyword">when</span> (<span class="keyword">sizes</span> &lt; <span class="number">10</span> <span class="keyword">and</span> <span class="keyword">sizes</span> &gt; <span class="number">1</span>) <span class="keyword">then</span></span><br><span class="line">          <span class="string">'execute dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('</span> || <span class="string">''''</span> || OWNER || <span class="string">''''</span> || <span class="string">','</span> || <span class="string">''''</span> ||</span><br><span class="line">          segment_name || <span class="string">''''</span> || <span class="string">','</span> || <span class="string">'method_opt =&gt; '</span> || <span class="string">''''</span> ||</span><br><span class="line">          <span class="string">'FOR ALL COLUMNS SIZE 1'</span> || <span class="string">''''</span> ||</span><br><span class="line">          <span class="string">',estimate_percent =&gt; 10,degree =&gt; 15,cascade =&gt;true,no_invalidate =&gt; false);'</span></span><br><span class="line">         <span class="keyword">when</span> (<span class="keyword">sizes</span> &gt;= <span class="number">10</span> <span class="keyword">and</span> <span class="keyword">sizes</span> &lt;= <span class="number">50</span>) <span class="keyword">then</span></span><br><span class="line">          <span class="string">'execute dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('</span> || <span class="string">''''</span> || OWNER || <span class="string">''''</span> || <span class="string">','</span> || <span class="string">''''</span> ||</span><br><span class="line">          segment_name || <span class="string">''''</span> || <span class="string">','</span> || <span class="string">'method_opt =&gt; '</span> || <span class="string">''''</span> ||</span><br><span class="line">          <span class="string">'FOR ALL COLUMNS SIZE 1'</span> || <span class="string">''''</span> ||</span><br><span class="line">          <span class="string">',estimate_percent =&gt; 5,degree =&gt; 15,cascade =&gt;true,no_invalidate =&gt; false);'</span></span><br><span class="line">         <span class="keyword">when</span> (<span class="keyword">sizes</span> &gt; <span class="number">50</span>) <span class="keyword">then</span></span><br><span class="line">          <span class="string">'execute dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('</span> || <span class="string">''''</span> || OWNER || <span class="string">''''</span> || <span class="string">','</span> || <span class="string">''''</span> ||</span><br><span class="line">          segment_name || <span class="string">''''</span> || <span class="string">','</span> || <span class="string">'method_opt =&gt; '</span> || <span class="string">''''</span> ||</span><br><span class="line">          <span class="string">'FOR ALL COLUMNS SIZE 1'</span> || <span class="string">''''</span> ||</span><br><span class="line">          <span class="string">',estimate_percent =&gt; 1,degree =&gt; 15,cascade =&gt;true,no_invalidate =&gt; false);'</span></span><br><span class="line">       <span class="keyword">end</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">from</span> (<span class="keyword">select</span> t.owner,</span><br><span class="line">               t.segment_name,</span><br><span class="line">               (<span class="keyword">sum</span>(t.bytes) / <span class="number">1024</span> / <span class="number">1024</span> / <span class="number">1024</span>) <span class="keyword">sizes</span></span><br><span class="line">          <span class="keyword">from</span> dba_segments t, dba_tables b</span><br><span class="line">         <span class="keyword">where</span> <span class="number">1</span>=<span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">          <span class="comment">--T.OWNER IN ('ACCOUNT', 'USERINFO', 'CUSTUPLOAD', 'REPORT')</span></span><br><span class="line">          <span class="comment">--T.OWNER IN ('TBCS','COMMON','IM','IM_COMM')</span></span><br><span class="line">           <span class="keyword">and</span> t.segment_name <span class="keyword">not</span> <span class="keyword">like</span> <span class="string">'BIN$%'</span></span><br><span class="line">          <span class="comment">--and t.owner='ICDPUB'</span></span><br><span class="line">           <span class="keyword">and</span> t.segment_type <span class="keyword">like</span> <span class="string">'TABLE%'</span></span><br><span class="line">           <span class="keyword">and</span> b.table_name = t.segment_name</span><br><span class="line">           <span class="keyword">and</span> b.owner = t.owner</span><br><span class="line">           <span class="keyword">and</span> b.last_analyzed &lt; <span class="keyword">sysdate</span> - <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line">          <span class="comment">--and b.table_name='SUBS_PRIVILEGE'</span></span><br><span class="line">         <span class="keyword">group</span> <span class="keyword">by</span> t.owner, t.segment_name</span><br><span class="line">         <span class="keyword">order</span> <span class="keyword">by</span> <span class="keyword">sizes</span>);</span><br><span class="line">``` <span class="comment">--&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">### 表空间占用</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">```sql </span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">select</span> a.tablespace_name <span class="string">"表空间"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">			 total <span class="string">"总量"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">			 free <span class="string">"剩余大小"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">			 (total - free) <span class="string">"已用"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">			 total / <span class="number">1024</span> / <span class="number">1024</span> / <span class="number">1024</span> <span class="string">"总量GB"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">			 free / <span class="number">1024</span> / <span class="number">1024</span> / <span class="number">1024</span> <span class="string">"剩余GB"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">			 (total - free) / <span class="number">1024</span> / <span class="number">1024</span> / <span class="number">1024</span> <span class="string">"已用GB"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">			 <span class="keyword">round</span>((total - free) / total, <span class="number">4</span>) * <span class="number">100</span> <span class="string">"使用率%"</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">from</span> (<span class="keyword">select</span> tablespace_name, <span class="keyword">sum</span>(<span class="keyword">bytes</span>) free</span><br><span class="line">					<span class="keyword">from</span> dba_free_space</span><br><span class="line">				 <span class="keyword">group</span> <span class="keyword">by</span> tablespace_name) a,</span><br><span class="line">			 (<span class="keyword">select</span> tablespace_name, <span class="keyword">sum</span>(<span class="keyword">bytes</span>) total</span><br><span class="line">					<span class="keyword">from</span> dba_data_files</span><br><span class="line">				 <span class="keyword">group</span> <span class="keyword">by</span> tablespace_name) b</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">where</span> a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="表空间内表排序"><a href="#表空间内表排序" class="headerlink" title="表空间内表排序"></a>表空间内表排序</h3><figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">select</span> segment_name <span class="keyword">as</span> 表名,</span><br><span class="line">			 <span class="keyword">sum</span>(<span class="keyword">bytes</span>) / <span class="number">1024</span> / <span class="number">1024</span> <span class="string">"size(MB)"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">			 <span class="keyword">sum</span>(<span class="keyword">bytes</span>) / <span class="number">1024</span> / <span class="number">1024</span> / <span class="number">1024</span> <span class="string">"size(GB)"</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="keyword">from</span> user_segments</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">where</span> tablespace_name = <span class="string">'CORE_DATA'</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">group</span> <span class="keyword">by</span> segment_name</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">order</span> <span class="keyword">by</span> <span class="string">"size(GB)"</span> <span class="keyword">desc</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="查询表字段"><a href="#查询表字段" class="headerlink" title="查询表字段"></a>查询表字段</h3><figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">select</span> * <span class="keyword">from</span> user_tab_cols q <span class="keyword">where</span> q.TABLE_NAME=<span class="keyword">upper</span>(<span class="string">'Table_name'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="导出"><a href="#导出" class="headerlink" title="导出"></a>导出</h3><figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">--客户端</span></span><br><span class="line">exp username/passowrd@ip:port/sid file=/test.dmp tables=tablename1,tablename2,......</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">--服务端 oracle10g及之后版本</span></span><br><span class="line">expdp username/passowrd@ip:port/sid directory=/path dumpfile=filename.dp  logfile=filename.dp.log schema= \</span><br><span class="line">     Full=y \<span class="comment">-- 备份全表</span></span><br><span class="line">     tables='table1','table2','table3' \ <span class="comment">--指定表</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="导入"><a href="#导入" class="headerlink" title="导入"></a>导入</h3><figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">--客户端</span></span><br><span class="line">imp username/passowrd@ip:port/sid file=/test.dmp  from user1 to user2   full=y ignore=y</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">--服务端 oracle10g及之后版本</span></span><br><span class="line">impdp username/passowrd@ip:port/sid directory=/path dumpfile=filename.dp  logfile=filename.dp.log remap_schema=</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="sql查询"><a href="#sql查询" class="headerlink" title="sql查询"></a>sql查询</h2><h3 id="填充函数"><a href="#填充函数" class="headerlink" title="填充函数"></a>填充函数</h3><figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Lpad(str , len,  padstr);  <span class="comment">--左填充  str 字段 len 填充长度，padstr 填充字符</span></span><br><span class="line">Rpad(str , len,  padstr);  <span class="comment">--右填充</span></span><br><span class="line">eg：左边补0 <span class="keyword">select</span> <span class="keyword">Lpad</span>(<span class="string">'test'</span>, <span class="number">10</span>, <span class="string">'0'</span>) <span class="keyword">from</span> dual ; <span class="comment">-- out：   0000000000test</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="树查询-start-with"><a href="#树查询-start-with" class="headerlink" title="树查询  start with"></a>树查询  start with</h3><figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">select</span> * <span class="keyword">from</span>  <span class="keyword">table</span> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">where</span> <span class="number">1</span>=<span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">and</span> <span class="keyword">connect_by_isleaf</span>=<span class="number">1</span> <span class="comment">-- 是否叶子节点（0否/1是）</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">start</span> <span class="keyword">with</span>  树起始条件</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">connect</span> <span class="keyword">by</span> <span class="keyword">prior</span> (父字段=子字段)(子字段-=父字段)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="常用分析函数"><a href="#常用分析函数" class="headerlink" title="常用分析函数"></a>常用分析函数</h2><blockquote>
<p>分析函数形式 xxxx(….) over( [partittion by colom1,colom2….] [order by colom1,colom2…. ] )</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="1-排序"><a href="#1-排序" class="headerlink" title="1.排序"></a>1.排序</h3><figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">--1.遇到相同记录数据 按排名递增</span></span><br><span class="line">row_number() over(</span><br><span class="line">     [partittion by colom1,colom2....]</span><br><span class="line">     [order by colom1,colom2.... ] </span><br><span class="line">)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">--2.遇到相同记录数据 按排名相同</span></span><br><span class="line">dense-rank() over(</span><br><span class="line">     [partittion by colom1,colom2....]</span><br><span class="line">     [order by colom1,colom2.... ] </span><br><span class="line">)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">--3.遇到相同记录数据 按排名相同 同时会在最后一条相同记录和下一个不同记录之间空出排名</span></span><br><span class="line">rank() over(</span><br><span class="line">     [partittion by colom1,colom2....]</span><br><span class="line">     [order by colom1,colom2.... ] </span><br><span class="line">)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="2-求之前之后的第N行"><a href="#2-求之前之后的第N行" class="headerlink" title="2.求之前之后的第N行"></a>2.求之前之后的第N行</h3><figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">-- comlm 指定字段 offset 偏移量 即N 默认为1，defval 默认返回值 （默认为null）</span></span><br><span class="line">lag(colom ,offset,defval) over() <span class="comment">-- 前N行</span></span><br><span class="line">lead(colom ,offset,defval) over()<span class="comment">-- 后N行</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="3-排列组合"><a href="#3-排列组合" class="headerlink" title="3.排列组合"></a>3.排列组合</h3><figure class="highlight sql"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">-- 1.rollup()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">--eg: </span></span><br><span class="line">group by rollup( a ,b,c)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">-- 按照 abc  ab a 依次进行分组</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">-- 2.cube()</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">--eg:</span></span><br><span class="line">group by cube( a ,b,c)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">-- 按照 abc ab ac a bc b c 依次进行分组</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>-->
      
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            };
            if (keywords.length === 1 && keywords[0] === "") {
              resultContent.innerHTML = '<div id="no-result"><i class="fa fa-search fa-5x" /></div>'
            } else if (resultItems.length === 0) {
              resultContent.innerHTML = '<div id="no-result"><i class="fa fa-frown-o fa-5x" /></div>'
            } else {
              resultItems.sort(function (resultLeft, resultRight) {
                if (resultLeft.searchTextCount !== resultRight.searchTextCount) {
                  return resultRight.searchTextCount - resultLeft.searchTextCount;
                } else if (resultLeft.hitCount !== resultRight.hitCount) {
                  return resultRight.hitCount - resultLeft.hitCount;
                } else {
                  return resultRight.id - resultLeft.id;
                }
              });
              var searchResultList = '<ul class=\"search-result-list\">';
              resultItems.forEach(function (result) {
                searchResultList += result.item;
              })
              searchResultList += "</ul>";
              resultContent.innerHTML = searchResultList;
            }
          }

          if ('auto' === 'auto') {
            input.addEventListener('input', inputEventFunction);
          } else {
            $('.search-icon').click(inputEventFunction);
            input.addEventListener('keypress', function (event) {
              if (event.keyCode === 13) {
                inputEventFunction();
              }
            });
          }

          // remove loading animation
          $(".local-search-pop-overlay").remove();
          $('body').css('overflow', '');

          proceedsearch();
        }
      });
    }

    // handle and trigger popup window;
    $('.popup-trigger').click(function(e) {
      e.stopPropagation();
      if (isfetched === false) {
        searchFunc(path, 'local-search-input', 'local-search-result');
      } else {
        proceedsearch();
      };
    });

    $('.popup-btn-close').click(onPopupClose);
    $('.popup').click(function(e){
      e.stopPropagation();
    });
    $(document).on('keyup', function (event) {
      var shouldDismissSearchPopup = event.which === 27 &&
        $('.search-popup').is(':visible');
      if (shouldDismissSearchPopup) {
        onPopupClose();
      }
    });
  </script>





  

  

  

  
  

  

  

  

</body>
</html>
